Subscribe Now! National Geographic Magazine $15
Visit our Online Shops

Sign up for free

Newsletters

Once a month
get new photos
and expert tips.

From palm trees to penguins, bacteria to blue whales, Earth teems with life. The areas of the planet that sustain these life-forms are called habitats. Ocean trenches, the peaks of the Himalaya, the dunes of the Sahara, even the streets of Shanghai—all are habitats that give rise to unique species that adapt according to what each place has to offer. And all are part of an interconnected system that makes the richness of life on Earth possible. Explore these habitats.

More About Habitats

Photo: Desert landscape of cardon cacti and boojum trees against a gray sky

Deserts

A wealth of plant and animal life.

Photo: Twilight view of cattails growing on the banks of a freshwater lagoon in South Carolina's Huntington Beach State Park

Freshwater

Clean, abundant water is the essence of life.

Photo: North Dakota prairie sunrise

Grasslands

Earth's most agriculturally useful habitats.

Photo: This aerial view captures a large wave crashing into the coastline of an island in the Republic of Palau

Oceans

One of the world's most thrilling habitats.

Photo: scenic view from Mt. Des Voeux over pristine rain forest

Rain Forests

Shelter for more than half of the world's species.

Photo: Tundra in fall colors with the high Sierra surrounded by clouds

Tundra

Life in the extreme.

Photo: Smog over Los Angeles skyline

Urban

Populations on the rise.

Did You Know?

The Chihuahuan desert in Mexico is one of the most biologically rich and diverse deserts in the world, rivaled only by the Namib-Karoo of southern Africa and the Great Sandy Desert of Australia.

Related Features

Photo: Large waves characterize the Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica

Habitats Quiz

Earth's surface is made up of thousands of different habitats and ecosystems, all with unique characteristics. Can you tell the difference between a desert and a tundra? Know how much of Earth's surface is all wet?

Photo: Man putting out fire in forest

State of the Earth: Land

When land is stripped bare, it can simply blow away.

Photo: Geysers and mineral pools of Nevada's Black Rock Desert

Photo Gallery: Desert Landscapes

Discover dunes and dive into seas of sand from Australia to the Middle East and beyond in this gallery dedicated to Earth’s most barren landscapes.

Earth Topics

SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

Photo: Puerto Escondido

Mexico via Pacifico

Find unusual vacation spots and journey through Mexico.

Photo: Road sign

Signspotting

Take a tour of the world's quirkiest signs.

Six Degrees Book and DVD

Image: Six Degrees DVD and book

Get an eye-opening warning of the dangers of climate change, one degree at a time.

Support Conservation

Photo: Two penguins

Help conserve the world's natural resources.

National Geographic Kids

Image: A cross-section of the human head

Play games, watch videos, and much more in this just-for-kids site.